From Generation to Generation
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Roots in the Holocaust Nikki Roth-Skiles |
It
was a spring day in the 1970’s. I
had three wonderful daughters and was a stay-at-home mother.
I had begun to feel somewhat restless with the coming of spring. Spring is life reborn and I found myself lost in the past.
When I was one year old, both my mother and my paternal grandfather died.
With the loss of my mother went the loss of her family.
My mother had been born a Lutheran and her roots went back to America’s
founding fathers. My great-plus
maternal grandfathers had all served in the American Revolution and there were
“horse thieves and Indian killers” somewhere back in that family - or so I
was told by my maternal uncle. My
mother had converted to Judaism when she married my father, and the members of
our Synagogue who had known her told me what a wonderful person she was and how
much she had come to love and celebrate Judaism in her life. Her
parents were divorced and her father visited us but died when I was four.
My grandmother had never liked Jews; so once my mother died, she never
again visited. At the age of 19, I
went to visit her and found I felt very little except sympathy at what she had
missed in life by turning her back on five grandchildren simply because they
were Jewish. I never saw her again
although out of respect to my mother’s memory, I did attend her funeral. I
had recently come upon my baby book – kept faithfully by my mother until
shortly before her death in May of 1948. My
father died when I was 19 and I felt I had no roots.
It was time to give my children not only wings but roots which would
enable them to know from whence they had come.
I needed the roots myself. I
was floundering in trying to discover an identity and a faith. I
went through my baby book and found what I thought were the most “Jewish”
sounding surnames. I remembered my Uncle Harry – brother to my grandfather –
who had lived in New York City and had some daughters.
This was before the Internet so finding someone was not easy.
In a New York City phonebook, I found many names that were the same as
those I had found in my baby book. I
sent a letter to each seeking my cousins and hoping beyond hope I would find
someone who was related. I got a
hit, which surprised me more than I can say.
I found Uncle Harry’s daughter who put me in touch with her sister. Through
them, my family past began to unfold. Uncle
Harry and my grandfather had been born in what they called Russia/Poland.
The information I got was in bits and pieces but I saved each piece in
hopes of finding more. I learned my
grandfather had a half-sister, Carrie, who had come to visit the United States
upon failing her pharmacy examination in the “old country.”
While she had all intentions of returning and taking the exam again, she
stayed. She married, had a son who
died, then a daughter and son. Her husband died accidentally and she remarried.
Carrie’s son Lionel was living in Washington, D.C., and her daughter
Muriel in New York. I
wrote Lionel and heard back from him almost immediately.
Along with his letter came an address for an aunt who had survived the
Holocaust and was living in Israel. I
couldn’t believe how quickly everything was falling into place.
A few weeks before I had a vague idea that somewhere in the “old
country” I may have family and now I was on my way to finding them. I
wrote my aunt explaining who I was and what I was doing.
In no time, I received a letter back from Israel with photographs and
lots of information on a family I never knew.
My aunt, Chaja Rotstein Amsterdamski, was happy to hear from me.
She had never known my grandfather as she had been born shortly before he
left for America and never knew what happened to him.
She too was finding family. In
the coming weeks and months, through Chaja’s daughter, Judith, I managed to
put together the story of my family. My
grandfather, Eliahu Rotstein, was born June 15, 1880 in Marijampole, Suwalk
Gubernia, Lithuania. He was the son of Zehuda Yitzak (Jude) Rotstein and Hindl
Reizl (Hilda Rosalyn) Matulsky. He
came to America in 1902 where he changed his name to Jack (Jake) Alexander Roth.
In 1905, he married my grandmother, Gussie Friedman, who had emigrated
with her family from Austria-Hungary. They
moved to McKee’s Rocks, Pennsylvania where my grandfather opened a jewelry
store on Chartiers Avenue; they lived above the store.
They had two children, my father, Charles, and his sister, Leah. My
Uncle Harry was born Hirsch Rotstein in Marijampole on January 21, 1881, and
came to America a year after his brother. He
married Minnie Goldbloom in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; they had two daughters,
Sybil and Hilda. An
older brother, Leib, remained in Lithuania.
My great grandmother, Hindl Reizl, had died about 1883 and my great
grandfather married again to a woman named Hana-Liba.
They lived in Kalwarija, Suwalk Gubernia, Lithuania.
I learned my great grandmother had been married and widowed before she
married Jude. From her first
marriage, she had a daughter, Esther, who had come to the United States ahead of
my grandfather and his brother. I
never have learned her surname or what happened to her and her family. The only clues were she and her husband had something to do
with the jewelry business in New York City.
I am not sure to this day whether my great grandmother’s maiden name
was Matulsky or if that was her first husband’s surname. Beginning
with my Uncle, Leib Rotstein, I learned he had three children.
One son, Yantush, went to France and survived the Holocaust there.
He was living in Paris in 1957 and died shortly thereafter.
He had no children. Another son, Yeheskal, died at the hands of the
Nazis, Einsatzkommando 3, in 1941.
Yeheskal’s wife Sally and her son, Lova, survived and eventually went
to Israel. I have been unable to locate them. Leib’s daughter Rosa
married, had children, and they all perished in 1941 at the hands of Einsatzkommando
3. From
my great grandfather’s second marriage, there were six children: Zlata, Chaja,
Tsemach, Chaim, Kreina and Alta. Kreina
was my Aunt Carrie whose family I have listed above. Zlata
married Jakov Shapiro and they had one son, Zalmon.
Jakov was arrested by the Russians in 1937 and sent to a labor camp in
Siberia where he was presumed to have died as he was never heard from again.
After the war, Zlata settled in Kapsukas, Russia.
Zalmon married Ada and they had two children, Alexander and Inna.
Alexander went to Israel during the first Gulf War where he has settled
with his family. My
Aunt Chaja, whom I had found living in Kiryat Ata, Israel, had married Eliash
Amsterdamski and they had two children, Judith and Menachem. Chaja and her
family had been sent to the Kovno (Kaunas) Ghetto and from there to various
camps. Eliash had survived Dachau where he and his son were sent.
Judith and Chaja had both survived Stutthof. From the International
Tracing Service in Germany, I received verification from the records of Dachau
that Menachem (called Menia by family) had been transferred from Concentration
camp Kauen to Concentration Camp Dachau, Commando Kaufering on July 15, 1944. He was prisoner #80830 and died at Dachau January 23, 1945.
According to the records, he was single and a brush maker. After
the war, Chaja and Eliash were reunited in Israel.
Judith returned to Lithuania (then Russia), married David Raudanski and
they had one son, Imanuel. They all went to Israel in the 1970’s, which was
about 14 years after they had first applied to leave Russia.
Shortly after my first contact with Aunt Chaja, Ima came to visit. He had just graduated from the Technion and was touring the
United States before returning to Israel to serve in the IDF.
A year later, Judith and David came to visit as well, and it was
wonderful meeting all of them. I never got to meet Aunt Chaja who died in 1984.
Judith died in 1997. Ima
continues to live in Israel with his family and we stay in touch.
He has been to visit the United States a number of times and he and his
wife, Shoshanna, are wonderful people. Their
oldest son is now serving in the IDF. Tsemach,
who was a physician, married Rosa, a dentist, and they had one son, Gema.
Gema married Nina and they have two daughters, Sonia and Lena.
I have not been able to make contact with them. Chaim
never married. He was what my aunt called “head of the town” which would
have been the shtetl where he lived. He
was sent to a Russian labor camp in Siberia in 1941 and is thought to have died
there, since he was never heard from again. Alta
married Pineh Fink, who owned a pharmacy in Kalwarija.
They had two sons, David and Jude who attended school in Kovno.
Alta, Pineh, David and Jude died in 1941 at the hands of Einsatzgruppen
3. In
recent years, since being on the Internet and having a webpage on the Holocaust,
I have found other members of what I call my grandfather’s extended family.
They are my Aunt Chaja’s family. There
is Uncle Eliash’s brother, Dr. David Solomon Amsterdamski who died in the
Warsaw Ghetto on January 19, 1943. There
is David’s son, Stefan Amsterdamski who survived, and Stefan’s daughter Olga
and granddaughter Naomi Natalie whom I have gotten to know through e-mail.
There is Eliash’s niece, Fira Amsterdamski Paulauskas who now lives in
the United States and whom I have also gotten to know via e-mail. I
had found my roots. I was happy to know I did have an extended family, but sorry
I would never get to know many of them. So
many had died simply because they were Jewish, whether at the hands of the
Russians or the Nazis. At a
recent Holocaust conference, I met a gentleman who works for the United States
Department of Justice and had worked on the prosecution of Nazis who had escaped
to America. He mentioned the first
record he looked at in his job was the report of the Einsatzkommando 3.
He sent me a copy in the original German as well as a translation.
In some ways, it made crystal clear what had actually happened in
Marijampole and Kalwarija in 1941, but it didn’t help to find exactly what
happened to my family. There were
so many murders and for every single day, there are listings of the number of
Jews, Jewesses, and Jewish children killed.
To the Nazis, Jews were numbers—no names, no families, just the number
killed each day. I
want the world to know my family once lived.
They laughed, they cried, they married, they had children, felt joy and
sorrow, had hopes and dreams for the future and surely felt terror when they
died. The Nazis destroyed those
dreams and hopes. In telling you of
those who died, I am assuring their memory lives on.
Lest we ever forget or ever allow the world to forget. Nikki Roth-Skiles, editor,
American Experience http://home.ptd.net/~nikki
Civil War, Terrorism, Genealogy, Memorial Day and more
Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17601 April
30, 2003 Edited by Dr. Karin Doerr, Concordia University, Quebec, Canada
© Copyright Judy Cohen,
2003. |